Skip to main content

Featured

Veda-Pramāṇya-siddhi

tasmai bhagavate kṛtvā namo vyāsāya vedhase puruṣāya purāṇāya bhṛguvākyapravarttine mānuṣacchadmarūpāya viṣṇave prabhaviṣṇave Pramāṇas are three — “pratyakṣaṃ cānumānaṃ ca śāstraṃ ca vividhā''gamam | trayaṃ suviditaṃ kāryaṃ dharmaśuddhimabhīpsatā . 105 |” “If one desires to obtain the correct knowledge of Dharma, he should become fully acquainted with these three:—Perception, Inference and the Scriptures of various traditions.—(105)”  Among them Śāstra is the highest —“pitṛdevamanuṣyāṇāṃ vedaścakṣuḥ sanātanam | aśakyaṃ cāprameyaṃ ca vedaśāstramiti sthitiḥ . 94 .” “For Pitṛs, gods and men, the Veda is the eternal eye; the teaching of the Veda is beyond power and illimitable. Such is the settled fact.—(94)” As said in the Kaṭha upaniṣad— “नैषा तर्केण मतिरापनेया प्रोक्तान्येनैव सुज्ञानाय प्रेष्ठ ।” This idea cannot be reached by mere Mundane reasoning. This idea, Oh dearest, leads to sound knowledge, only if taught by another [śāstra snigdha sādhu]. Also said in the Kena upaniṣad—...

Jīva Gosvāmi's sources [1] : Jāmātṛ Muni

Jīva Gosvāmi's sources [1] : Jāmātṛ Muni


Mural of Śrī Jāmātṛ muni at Śrīraṅgam


By the mercy of Śrī Nārāyaṇa and his dear devotees, I have tried to locate the verses attributed to Śrī Jāmātṛ Muni in Paramātmā sandarbha anuccheda 19. Śrī Jāmātṛ Muni also known as Śrī Varavara Muni, was a great Ācārya of Śrī Sampradāya, specially the southern denomination known as Teṅkalāi. He is traditionally recorded to have written 19 works, of which some are his commentaries and some are his independent works, he describes these as the following ‘பண்டு பலவாரியரும் பார் உலகோர் உய்யப் பரிவுடன் செய்தருளும் பல்கலைகள் தம்மை கண்டதெல்லாம் எழுதி அவை கற்றிருந்தும் பிறர்க்கும் காதலுடன்.’ ‘Long ago, many great scholars, with compassion for the upliftment of the people of the world, created and shared various arts and sciences. I observed and wrote about all that I encountered, learned them, and taught them to others with love.’ Most of his work are either in Tamiḻ or Maṇipravāḷam (It is a hybrid language, typically written in the Grantha script, which combines Sanskrit lexicon and Tamil morpho-syntax.) while Three of his work are in saṁskṛta. Śrīla Jīva Gosvāmī mentions him as ‘paramavṛddha śrīsampradāyaguru’ and quotes him explaining the Jīva tattva, specially the one involving the praṇava later he quotes him listing 21 characteristics of jīva ‘ātmā na devo na naro na tiryak sthāvaro na ca | na deho nendriyaṃ naiva manaḥ prāṇo na nāpi dhīḥ || na jaḍo na vikārī ca jñāna-mātrātmako na ca | svasmai svayaṃ prakāśaḥ syād ekarūpaḥ svarūpa-bhāk || cetano vyāpti-śīlaś ca cidānandātmakas tathā | aham arthaḥ pratikṣetraṃ bhinno'ṇur nitya-nirmalaḥ || tathā jñātṛtva-kartṛtva-bhoktṛtva-nija-dharmakaḥ | paramātmaika-śeṣatva-svabhāvaḥ sarvadā svataḥ ||’. However these verses haven’t been located yet, and rather they can’t be as they are not written in saṁskṛta as it has been presented, Actually as per our search two of these quotations are not from the same book but from two different ones, both of these books are Rahasya granthas among the 16 others written by Śrī Pillai Lokācārya [a eminent predecessor Ācārya in Śrī Sampradāyam], thus it gives a hint that this part of paramātmā sandarbha has been written by a initiated Śrī Vaiṣṇava who had access to Rahasya granthas, we understand the writer of this part is Śrīla Gopāla Bhaṭṭa gosvāmi who belonged from the main seat of southern school of Śrī Vaiṣṇava, “Śrīraṅgam”. Coming back to it, The first quotation involving praṇava is a paraphrasing from Mumukṣupaddi sūtra 66’s vyākhyā , the able reader may refer — 

And the 21 characteristics is paraphrased from the commentary of ‘Tattvatraya’ this too is of Śrī Pillai Lokācārya. The concerned part is from sutra 59-65 of Cit Prakaraṇam, again the concerned part has been quoted for able readers— 



Majority of this is taken from the Uttarakhaṇḍa of Padmapurāṇa, as Śrīla Jīva Gosvāmi specifies 'pādmottara-khaṇḍādikam anusṛtya śrī- rāmānujācāryād ati-prācīnena śrī-vaiṣṇava-sampradāya-guruṇā śrī- jāmātṛ-muninopadiṣṭam'. This is still tracable in the Padma-purāṇa, 'jñānāśrayo jñāna-guṇaś cetanaḥ prakṛteḥ paraḥ | na jāto nirvikāraś ca ekarūpaḥ svarūpa-bhāk || aṇur nityo vyāpti-śīlaś cid-ānandātmakas tathā | aham artho'vyayaḥ kṣetrī bhinna-rūpaḥ sanātanaḥ || adāhyo'cchedya akledya aśoṣyo'kṣara eva ca | evam ādiguṇair yuktaḥ śeṣa-bhūtaḥ parasya vai || ma-kāreṇocyate jīvaḥ kṣetra-jñaḥ paravān sadā | dāsa-bhūto harer eva nānyasyaiva kadācana ||' [6.226.34-37] **some readings include 'jñānāśramo' in place of 'jñānāśrayo', however 'jñānaśrayo' is the correct reading because 'ma' and 'ya' are kind of apparently similar in devanagari script 'म' and 'य'**, The three qualities taken by the word 'ādi' in 'evaṃ ādiguṇair yuktaḥ' are taken as 'tathā jñātṛtva-kartṛtva-bhoktṛtva-nija-dharmakaḥ'. These are verifiable from the Vedānta-sutras 'jño 'ta eva', 'kartā śāstrārthavattvāt', 'bhogamātrasāmyaliṅgāc ca', the Śāntiparva 'na vinā dhātusaṃghātaṃ śarīraṃ bhavati kva cit na ca jīvaṃ vinā brahman dhātavaś ceṣṭayanty uta pṛthagbhūtāś ca te nityaṃ kṣetrajñaḥ pṛthag eva ca sattvaṃ rajas tamaś caiva na guṇās tasya bhojakāḥ' and the Bhagavadgītā 'brahmabhūtaḥ prasannātmā na śocati na kāṅkṣati | samaḥ sarveṣu bhūteṣu madbhaktiṃ labhate parām ||', In the Praśnopaniṣad 'eṣa hi draṣṭā spraṣṭā śrotā ghrātā rasayitā mantā boddhā kartā vijñānātmā puruṣaḥ . sa pare'kṣara ātmani sampratiṣṭhate ..' etc.






Comments

Popular Posts